Appabatus



(No Model.) 2 shee ts sheet 1. H. HEIM. HEATING APPARATUS.

Patented Apr. 16, 1889.

Inventor Witnesses N. PETERS. Phmo-Limugnphar. Washingtnn, D, a

UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,349, dated April 16, 1889.

Application filed August 14, 1886. Serial No. 210,899.

July 1,1886,No.1'77,131; in Belgium July 1,1886,

(No model.) Patented in Germany June 26, 1886, No. 41,674; in France No. 73,684; in England July 1, 1886, No. 8,648; in Italy September 30, 1886, XX, 20,168, XL, 33, and in Austria-Hungary January 24, 1887, No. 25,668 and No. 66,239.

. No. 41,674, dated June 26,1886; in France by Letters Patent No.177,131, dated July 1,1886; in Belgium by Letters Patent No. 7358i, dated July 1, 1886; in England by Letters Patent No. 8,643, dated July 1, 1886; in Italy by Letters Patent, Vol. XX, No. 20,168, and Vol. XL, N0. 33, dated September 30, 1886 and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Referring to the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are vertical sections, taken at right angles to each other, of a heating-furnace embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is a sectional. detail View taken on or about on the interrupted line w a: of Fig. 1. Fi 4 is a top plan View of the furnace. Fig. 5 is a sectional View, one half whereof is taken on or about on line y y and the other half on or about on line e z of Fig. 2. Figs. 6 and 7 are detached sectional views of the grate-section of the firepot, the latter figure showing a slight modification in the construction of the front wall thereof. Figs. 8 and 9 are sections taken, respectively, on lines 'v v and w w of Fig. 6. Fig. 10 is a top plan View of one of the divingfiues fand Fig.1l is a section of a part thereof and of the flue connected therewith, illustrating the means for coupling the same.

The object of this invention is to increase the efficiency of the class of furnaces referred to; and it consists in certain structural fea tures hereinafter fully described, and as set forth in the claims.

The furnace is inclosed in a suitable heatingchamber, H, constructed of masonry or metal.

As shown in Figs. 1,4,a11d 5, the lower portion of the furnace, in which is arranged the grate that divides said portion into an ash-pit section, A, and combustion-chamber O, has a lateral extension that forms a chamber, a C in front of the ash-pit, the grate, and the combustion-chamber. In the upper portion, 0 of this chamber is arranged the magazine, the mouth of which projects through the front wall of the chamber a C and said magazine is arranged at an angle to the grate, the bottom of the magazine constituting the top plate of the chamber a (L and the front wall of the combustion-chamber O. The lower portion, a, of the chamber a C or that portion which forms an extension to the ash-pit A, has a door, D, provided with suitable draft regulating devices in its front wall. This portion of the furnace is constructed of three partsthe lower or ash-pit section, A a, on which is seated the grate-section G, in which is arranged a shaking-grate, Gr, of any usual or preferred construction, and of the section C 0 seated upon the grate-section G, the portion C constituting the lower port-ion of the combustionchamber,which has a lining, C of refractory material, to protect it against the heat, and such a lining may also be provided for the ashpit.

To facilitate the lining of the combustionchamber and to better secure the refractory lining thereto, the said chamber is provided with Vertical inwardly proj ecting dovetailed ribs 0, as more plainly shown in Fig. 5, which ribs are preferably made hollow or channeled exteriorly, as shown. at 0 Fig. 5, to more effectually protect them against the heat.

In the portion 0 of the section G is ranged an upwardly-inclined feed hopperi or magazine, 0', rectangular in cross-section an projecting through the front wall of the per tions 0 The bottom 0 of the hopper or bearing ribs or ledges, 0 formed on the inner walls of the sections 0 C as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

The magazine or hopper O is divided by a partition, 0 to form a narrow passage, 0 Figs. 1 and 3, said passage being closed by a door, 0 provided with panels of mica or other suitable transparent material, while the hopper itself is closed by a lid or cover, 0

The object of forming a space or passage, 0 along the upper wall of the magazine is to afford means for inspecting the fire through the transparent panels of the door a, and the object of making the bottom of the magazine removable is to afford free access to the combustion-chamber C for any purpose, as it is obvious that by the removal of such bottom ample space is provided whereby access may be had to the furnace above the grate through the ash-pit door 1).

Upon the combustion-chamber are seated any desired number of sections E, of which I have shown two in the drawings; but more may be used, if desired, said sections being provided with vertical heat-radiating ribs 6, and upon the uppermost of these sections E is seated the top F, from which radiate any desired number of flues f. In the drawings I have shown six of these fluesf; but a greater or less number may be used, according to the dimensions of the furnace an d its heating capacity; but to more effectually utilize the heat of the products of combustion I employ more than two such flues in all heaters or furnaces of this description.

From the flues f are suspended diving-fl ues F, that are connected with a flue, F common to all of said diving-flues, which flue F surrounds the lower portion of the furnace,

ing-flues F, as well as the vertical flue F are provided with heat-radiating ribs f and f respectively, to more effectually utilize the heat (by radiation) of the products of combustion.

It will be readily seen that by means of the construction and arrangement of flu es described the heat passing from the furnace to the escape-flues for the products of combustion, as well as the heat of said products of combustion, is almost entirely radiated an dutilized before said products of combustion will reach the chimney, owing to the subdivision thereof and their issue from the furnace and the construction of the flues, whose radiatiug-surfaces are greatly increased by providing the same with heat-radiating ribs. Tofacilitate the starting of the fire, I provide means whereby a direct draft may be produced from the grate through the furnace to the chimney. To this end the top of the furnace has ahorizontal flue, F, that extends through the front wall of the heating-chamber H, and is connected at that point by a pipe or flue, I, with the smoke-flue F so that the gases and produ cts of combusion, instead of passing through the flues F, F F and F to the chimney, will pass directly from the furnace through flue F and pipe or flue I to the flue F and thence to the chimney, the said pipe I being provided with a suitable valve or dampeni, as shown in Fig. 1.

At the bottom of the heating-chamber H is a duct or flue, h, that communicates with the outer air and by a port or passage, h with said chamber, and said flue h also communicates by a passage or port, lbs, with a vertical flue, k At its upper end the heating-chamber H communicates with the vertical flue k by a passage, h. The latter passage or port, as well as the port 71* and flue 72. is provided with seats 7a k respectively, for the two valves or dampers K and K. The two valves K and K are connected to operate simultaneously by levers and links, or as shown in Fig. 1, by a chain, 70 that travels over pulleys P, the valve K being so arranged as to close either the flue h or the port or passage h. By means of this arrangement the admission of cold air to the heating-chamber H, as well as to the rooms to be heated, may be regulated with great nicety.

It will be understood that the flue W, or said flue and branch flues, serves to conduct the heat to the room or rooms to be heated, and when the heat therein becomes excessive the dampers or valves K'K' are so manipulated as to more or less close the passages hand It so that but little heat passes from the chamber H to flue 71. or cold airfrom flue h to said chamber, while a proportionately greater volume of cold air passes from flue h through flue k to the room or rooms to be heated.

To prevent injury to the flues from expan sion and contraction under varying degrees of heat, and also to prevent moisture resulting from condensation to gain access to the joints of said flues, I employ the following means, referring more particularly to Figs. 10 and 11: flues F and the branches f of the flue F to which said diving-flues are connected, are provided with collars or flanges L, having suitable bolt-holes for the reception of the bolts f, by means of which they are secured together. The flues F, at their upper end, as well as the branches f of flue F are provided with step-seatsf, onto which fit corresponding bearings, f, on the lower end of the diving-flues F and flues f, said stepped bearings being formed below the collars or flanges L,

while a portion of the seats f project above said collars, so that when coupled together the ends of the flues f will project into flues F, while the lower ends of the latter flues will project into the branches f of flues F the seats being covered thereby, thus preventing access of moisture. The diving-flues F are loosely hung from the flues f, so as to allow of vertical displacement under expansion or contraction, the nuts being applied to the fastening-bolts f so as to bolt the parts firmly together. A similar arrangement may be The flues f, as well as the diving- I adopted for the connection of the sections of the vertical smoke-flue F and flue F with each other and with the flue F.

It will be observed that the branches f of the heater serve as supports for the tines F, F F and F said flues being suspended from said branches f, thus dispensing with supports therefor.

It will also be observed that the flue F passes freely through an opening in the hotair chamber I-I, so that the whole system is free to expand and contract, and is therefore not subjected to any undue strain by reason of such contraction or expansion. On the other hand, by providing joints of the construction above described, condensed moisture cannot penetrate to such joints and destroy the same.

With a view to economizing fuel, promoting combustion, and supplying the necessary air to the combustion chamber and grate without having resource to the draft-regulating devices, and, furthermore, to protect the grate-section against the action of the heat, I provide means whereby air may be supplied direct to the combustion-chamber and below the grate.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and more es pecially in Figs. 6 to 9, the grate-section G has immediately above the grate G a duct or flue, g, formed in its walls, that completely surrounds the grate, said flue g having an extension, g that terminates in or out-side the inclosing-wa-ll of the chamber H, and is at that point open and provided with a suitable cover or door, G A similar flue, 9 is formed in the walls of the grate-section G, below the grate G, that likewise has an extension, 9 provided at its open terminal, outside or inside of the inclosing-walls of chamber A, with a door or cover, G

The inner wall of fine g has a series of perforations, g extending along the back and a portion of the sides of the grate above the same, whereby on removal of cover G2 air from the furnace-room, and consequently of a moderate temperature, may be admitted above the grate through g, g, and g when said flue g is in communication with such room, as shown in Fig. 1. \Vhen, on the other hand, the extension g has its initial within the chamber a C then air of high temperature is admitted above the grate.

A like flue, is formed in the walls of the grate-section G below the grate, which, like flue g, extends completely around said gratesection, and, unlike flue g, has a terminal atthe point where it returns upon itself in front of the grate, as shown at 9 Fig. 9, and has at that point a port or passage, g, in its floor, that leads under the grate G. Thus the air admitted from the furnace-room through the extension 9 of the flue g instead of circulating freely through an unobstructed flue around the grate, is stopped at g, and passes thence through port or ports 9 below the grate. Instead of extending the section g 'so as to communicate with the furnace-room, said section may have its initial within the chamber a C so that the hot air from said chamber will pass through 9 g completely around the grate and out through 9 below said grate.

In order to promote combustion, the air ad- -mitted into the combustion-chamber should be admitted in a subdivided state, and for this reason I provide the air-flue g with a multiplicity of air-ports.

To promote the draft, it is desirable that the air should be admitted below the grate in a body, and to this end the flue g has buta single exit, 9". The circulation of the air through both chambers g and and through the outlets for such air, is indicated by arrows in Figs. 8 and 9. hen a horizontal grate is employed in combination with the inclined hopper or magazine, I form the front walls of the fines g and g on a plane corresponding with that of the bottom of the magazine, as'shown in Fig. 7, to prevent undue heating of the fuel in the magazine, as de scribed in an application. for Letters Patent of the United States filed on or about June 25, 1886, Serial No. 206,241; but I do not de sire to claim this feature herein.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a heater, a grate-section having airflues formed in its walls at points above and below the grate, respectively, the flue above the grate having a multiplicity of air-ports to divide-the body of air'admitted abovethe grate, and a single air-delivery port for the flue below the grate, whereby the air passing through said flue is delivered in a body below said grate, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a heater, a grate-section having airflues formed in its walls at points above and below the grate and completely encompassing said grate, the upper flue being unobstructed and provided with perforations extending along the back and partly along the sides of the fine, the lower flue being obstructed by a partition at a point where said flue returns upon itself and provided at that point with an outlet leading under the grate, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination, with the horizontal flue F and the vertical fines 1 F connected therewith, said flue F having a horizontal extension, F, of the furnace-section F, provided with branch flues f, to which the fines F are connected, and with a flue, F con nected with the flue F said branches and connection between flues F 'F constituting the supports for the system of pipes I F F F, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, with the section F, of the furnace provided with branches f and draft-flue F, of the diving-fines F, the horizontal flue F, the draft-flue F F connected together and suspended from said branches f of section F, as described, and the valved flue 1, connecting the flues F F and serving to support the free end of said fine F, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. The combination, with the branches f of the furnace-section F, the branches f of the fine F and the hue F provided with boltflanges and stepped seats f f, respectively, projecting from said flanges, of the fines F and F similarly provided With bolt-flanges and stepped seats, the upper flue-seats fitting onto the corresponding seats of the branches f and flue F and the lower seats of said fiues F F fitting into the corresponding seats of the branches f of flue F substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. The combination of the following ele- 

